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It is an proxy is often referred to as proxy server software which serves to act as an intermediary a server and a client via the internet. Without the proxy, a user would be able to send a request a source directly through a server and the server would then deliver the resource directly back to the user. This is not difficult to grasp and implement however it is possible that the use of proxy servers can offer advantages such as enhanced efficiency, privacy, security and more. As an additional pass-through layer, proxies act as a defender to the internet between users and servers.




In general the mix of server hardware and proxy software is often described as a proxy server. This article we will concentrate on proxies commonly thought to be software, specifically, in relation to web servers. There will be a discussion of the two principal kinds of proxies: the forward proxy and a reverse proxy. Each has its own specific usage case, but they are often confused because of a similar name convention.




This article will provide you with some understanding about what proxies and subtypes of them are, and the ways they can be useful in common setups. In this article, you'll understand what scenarios in which you can benefit by a proxy. You'll also be able to pick the best choice between reverse and forward proxy, in each scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



Forward proxy often referred to as the open proxy is an agent for the user trying to make a request through the internet to an origin server. If this is the case, any requests made by the client are instead directed to an forward proxy. In this situation, an agent acting on behalf of the forward proxy in place of the client will examine the request. The first step is to determine if the client is allowed to send requests through this particular forward proxy. It will then reject any request, or send it to the original server. The client is not able to establish a directly connected to the web. it only has access to what the forward proxy grants it to access.




The most common reason to utilize forward proxy is to increase privacy or security online. Forward proxy utilizes an internet connection as a client and during this process it is using an alternative IP address to your client's IP address.




Depending on how it's been installed in the past forward proxy servers could provide a variety of functions, allowing you to:




Avoid ad tracking.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies may also be utilized in systems to provide central security and access based on permissions such as in a workplace. In the event that all internet traffic flows via an open forward proxy, the administrators may restrict access to only certain clients to the internet through a common firewall. Instead of maintaining firewalls for the client layer which may involve many machines with varying configurations or users could be installed at an forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind that forward proxy settings need to be manually setup before they can be used to use them in reverse proxies, whereas forward proxy servers are not able to be detected by users. Based on the type of IP address of a user is relayed to the server that it came from through the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity may be granted or to go unnoticed.




There are numerous options to look into for forward proxy options:




Apache The Apache is a popular open-source server that provides forward proxy features.


Nginx is another well-known open-source server for web hosting that has the ability to forward-proxy.


Squid: An open-source forward proxy that uses the HTTP protocol. It's not the complete web server system. We recommend you to read our guide on how to set up a Squid proxy for private connections using Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy which runs the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer communication. You can also look into how to set up a Dante proxy to permit private connections on Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



A reverse proxy serves in the role of an intermediary a web server, and takes responsibility for incoming requests from customers for the benefit of. This web server may serve as a single server or multiple servers. In addition, it could be an application-server like Gunicorn. In either case the request will be made by a client via the internet as a whole. Typically, the request will be directly sent to the webserver that has all the resources that the client is seeks. A reverse proxy functions as an intermediary that shields the webserver from direct contact with the internet.




From the point of view of a client's view of the user reverse proxy isn't different from communicating with the server on its own. It is functionally the same however the client is unable to tell the distinction. Client asks for a resource is then provided with it without extra configuration needed from the client.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




The web server is protected centrally.


Incoming traffic is directed based upon rules you can create.


The caching function was added to the application.




While central security is an advantage of both reverse and forward proxy systems, reverse proxy providers apply this feature to this layer of the internet server and not the client layer. Instead of having firewalls on Web server layers that could contain multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of firewall security is concentrated at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, getting rid of the burden of interacting with firewalls and interacting with clients' requests that are not on web servers permits the firewall to focus on providing the necessary resources.




If there are several servers running in reverse proxy The reverse proxy determines how requests are routed through which server. There are many web servers connected to one server providing different kinds of resources or a combination of the two. These servers use the HTTP protocol like a traditional web server, but they could also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can configure reverse proxy servers to send users to particular servers based on the type of resource they're seeking, or to observe certain guidelines on the volume of traffic.




Reverse proxies benefit from being placed on top of web servers due to the power of caching. The large static files can be set up using caching rules to prevent hitting web servers on every request. Certain options allow users to serve directly static assets without connecting with the server at all. Furthermore the reverse proxy could handle compressing these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is a well-known reverse proxy solution. Although it is true that the Apache web server is equipped with reverse proxy feature, it's a feature that is available for Apache however Nginx was designed originally for and is focused on reverse proxy functions.



Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Use Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Because "forward" along with "reverse" have connotations of directionality and misleading comparisons to "incoming" and "outgoing" traffic, these labels can confuse since both types of proxy handle responses and requests. Better yet, the best method of separating between forward and reverse proxy is to study the requirements of the app that you're developing.




Reverse proxy can be a valuable tool when you are developing a solution to serve applications on the web via the internet. They represent your web servers whenever you interact on the web.




Forward proxy can be useful for showing clients to show to use for personal purposes, or in a work environment. They are a representation of information about the client whenever you interact on the internet.




Separating by case of use instead of focussing on similar naming conventions will ensure that you won't be confused.



Conclusion



This article will explain what a proxy is with the two main types, namely the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical examples of usage and a discussion of the most advantageous characteristics were used to define between reverse and forward proxies. If you're looking to explore the possibilities of proxy servers, then you should follow our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as reverse proxy to Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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